“The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down” by Anne Fadiman Essay Example for Free

â€Å"The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down† by Anne Fadiman Essay Anne Fadiman’s â€Å"The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down† explores the depth and complexity of cultural understanding, particularly between the American culture and the Hmong culture of Laos. To do this, Fadiman made of an account of a case of a Hmong child who suffered from epileptic seizure. Here, she elaborately narrated how Lia Lee, a seven-year old Hmong girl, got caught between the conflict in beliefs among her American doctors and Hmong parents. While Lia’s parents totally believe in the Hmong traditional way of healing, her American doctors on the other hand strongly believe on the power of modern medicine. From this theme the book of Fadiman mainly revolved.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the subtopics that were discussed in the book also dealt with intercultural communication. Among all the characters in the novel, the Lee parents, Foua and Nao Kao, were the ones who learned most about this. From the story, we found out that the Lee parents belonged to the some of the Hmong people who migrated from Laos to America due to Laos War. With this a background, we could claim that the Lees did the adjusting with their new environment. However, in Fadiman’s point-of-view, the other way around happened.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To prove this, Fadiman wrote that the Hmong people are one of the proudest cultural groups. She mentioned that â€Å"†¦the Hmong do no like to take orders; that they do not like to lose; that they would rather flee, fight, or die than surrender; that they are not intimidated by being outnumbered; that they are rarely persuaded that the customs of other culture, even those more powerful than their own, are superior, and that they are capable of getting very angry (Fadiman, 1997; p. 17).   She also wrote that Hmong people migrated to America not to hope for assimilation but to resist it, just like what they did when they left China (Fadiman, 1997; p.183). However, although the Lee parents seemed to be so proud and fixed with their beliefs regarding healing of their child, at the end, they finally agreed with Lia’s American doctors with her medication. However, the American doctors claimed that if Lia’s parents followed them earlier, then Lia would not end up having her brain dead.   From this, we could conclude that certainly, Foua and Nao Kao had learned that intercultural communication is important in dealing with problems. Moreover, the couple learned how to adjust and balance their own beliefs and practices with those of other culture.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The conflict in cultural beliefs in healing was also the most significant topic explored in the text. The clashing of Lia’s parents and her American doctors was one of the reasons for Lia’s condition. The Hmong couple strongly believed that the condition of their child was qaug dab peg translated as â€Å"the spirit catches you and you fall down†. In the Hmong culture, this means that the soul has left the body, thus Lia would become spiritually-gifted. On the other hand, the doctors strongly believed that Lia’s condition is dangerous and must be taken with serious and modern medication. Because of this conflict in beliefs, Lia’s condition worsened.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, this could have been prevented if at the start, both parties valued the importance of intercultural communication. For example, instead of not complying in the giving of Phenobarbital to Lia (Fadiman, 1997; 220), the couples should have listened first to the views of Lia’s doctors regarding her condition. If this has happened, the separation of Lia from her parents due to an order court, which caused too much stress on Lia’s part, could have been prevented. The situation, as Fadiman described in her interview with Lia’s nurses, made Lia â€Å" crying four days straight. Smearing feces, intense crying again. Stripped herself . . . went on a wave of destruction. Had to sedate her† (Fadiman, 1997; p.87). On the other hand, if the American doctors had acknowledged the importance of Hmong beliefs and practices for the Lee couples, then they could have helped each other in dealing with Lia’s condition. In addition, the American doctors should have shown an open mind for the couple’s opposite views regarding health and healing. For example, they should not have pointed the blame to the Lee couples when Lia’s condition worsened. In fact, according to Fadiman, Lia’s condition did not worsen because of the non-compliance of her parents. In Fadiman’s interview with the pediatric neurologist who observed last Lia and who came from a different hospital, he said that Lia’s worse condition was due to her long stay in the hospital. Fadiman wrote that the doctor ordered her to â€Å"†¦ Go back to Merced, and tell all those people at the MCMC that the family didnt do this to the kid. We did.   (Fadiman, 1997; p.255). Through this, at least intercultural communication and understanding had been observed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In relation to this, the people from MCMC, the hospital where Lia was confined, were one the significant people in not only in Lia’s life, but in the Hmong community in California as well. Their actions in dealing with Lia’s case could be said as a reflection of their understanding of Hmong culture. If I were the hospital administrator of MCMC, I would suggest that the hospital hold a special division for Hmong patients. All people that would be assigned in here should have a vast knowledge on Hmong culture. In that way, the hospital could better serve the Hmong people. In addition, I would suggest that all hospital employees be sensitive and open with Hmong beliefs and practices. Finally and the most important one, I would suggest that all hospital employees practice communicating culturally with the Hmong people. This would prevent both parties from misinterpreting and misunderstanding each other.   In dealing with the conflict with their medical beliefs, it is important that the hospital employees could explain well to the Hmong people their views regarding modern practice of medicine. In that way, Hmong people and American doctors could meet halfway to help one another.

Small Town with One Road, by Gary Soto :: Small Town with One Road

A. Title: The title of this poem suggests that it is about a small country town with one road, most likely in the middle of nowhere. Very few people and very few things around for a person to do with their free time. B. Paraphrase: We could be here. This is the valley and its highway which rabbits can't get across but kids can. They jump to the store with sweetness on their tongues. They watch for fun. Dimes fall from their palms to pay for the candies they eat on the way home. There are lots of dogs and cats and chickens at the house. A pot bangs and water runs in the kitchen, beans are getting cooked for dinner. Brown soup for the the men who work the fields. No matter what race, its hard for anyone who does work in the fields. The cotton gin is a major factor in the money dream and the mill makes money for a wife-and maybe my wife, who boxed peaches and plums and hoed her dad's fields as a girl. We could go back. I could lose this easy job I have. Just talking and using a shovel, a hoe, a broom that takes everything away. All my daughter does is worry. She touches my hand and we eat snow cones from a roadside vendor in the shade while we look around. Behind sunglasses I see where I once was. A brow kid getting across the road. â€Å"he's like me,† I tell my daughter and she stops eating her snow cone. He looks both was then leaps across the road where riches happen on red tongues. C. Connotations:The poem is written in free verse with no rhyme or rhythm to be found. The speaker is seeing himself in someone else's actions like a flash back to the time when he was at that age. The poet uses a metaphor to describe the kids as â€Å"Spectators of fun.† Gary Soto also uses personification when he states that the, â€Å"pot bangs and water runs...† D. Attitude:The speaker is a father, a worker of the fields. His attitude is one of childishness and relaxation. He is eating snow cones with his daughter and talking about when he was a kid and now as an adult. The attitude of the poet is that this is just the way of life in the small towns and the farming towns are pretty much all boring and monotonous. Small Town with One Road, by Gary Soto :: Small Town with One Road A. Title: The title of this poem suggests that it is about a small country town with one road, most likely in the middle of nowhere. Very few people and very few things around for a person to do with their free time. B. Paraphrase: We could be here. This is the valley and its highway which rabbits can't get across but kids can. They jump to the store with sweetness on their tongues. They watch for fun. Dimes fall from their palms to pay for the candies they eat on the way home. There are lots of dogs and cats and chickens at the house. A pot bangs and water runs in the kitchen, beans are getting cooked for dinner. Brown soup for the the men who work the fields. No matter what race, its hard for anyone who does work in the fields. The cotton gin is a major factor in the money dream and the mill makes money for a wife-and maybe my wife, who boxed peaches and plums and hoed her dad's fields as a girl. We could go back. I could lose this easy job I have. Just talking and using a shovel, a hoe, a broom that takes everything away. All my daughter does is worry. She touches my hand and we eat snow cones from a roadside vendor in the shade while we look around. Behind sunglasses I see where I once was. A brow kid getting across the road. â€Å"he's like me,† I tell my daughter and she stops eating her snow cone. He looks both was then leaps across the road where riches happen on red tongues. C. Connotations:The poem is written in free verse with no rhyme or rhythm to be found. The speaker is seeing himself in someone else's actions like a flash back to the time when he was at that age. The poet uses a metaphor to describe the kids as â€Å"Spectators of fun.† Gary Soto also uses personification when he states that the, â€Å"pot bangs and water runs...† D. Attitude:The speaker is a father, a worker of the fields. His attitude is one of childishness and relaxation. He is eating snow cones with his daughter and talking about when he was a kid and now as an adult. The attitude of the poet is that this is just the way of life in the small towns and the farming towns are pretty much all boring and monotonous.

My Dream Career Essay

I have a dream seems at first second that is difficult to achieve but with the will and hard work could turn the dream into reality, I want to become the Executive Director of one of the famous companies such as Microsoft. For this job it will be a long and difficult journey. Education: I must be studying in one of the best universities, so I intend to study IT at Bahrain Training Institute. First I will get the Diploma I well study for 2 years then I will get the Higher National Diploma also I will study for 2 years. When I graduate from BTI I will try to get a job to save money to complete my studies. I will study at Al-Ahlia University to get the Bachelor‘s Degree just in one year and Master’s Degree to pass it I have to take a 11 modules (42 credits). There a lot of modules I will take during my studies such as: 1. Programming Techniques 2. Computer Systems 3. Internet Applications and Services 4. Visual Programming 5. Models of Computations and Systems 6. Software Engineering Methods 7. Database Systems: Design and Applications 8. Interactive Systems 9. Networking 10. Software Analysis and Verification 11. Mobile Information and Device programming 12. Information Security 13. Software Project Management 14. Operating Systems 15. Mobile Enterprise Systems 16. Logic Programming and Knowledge Representation 17. Distributed Systems Experience: The experience I will get it when I work in a company during my studies. I will be always hardworking in my job and I will build a relationships with the employees and the company’s directors and owners, and this will help me in the future. I will try to work in more than one company to get a senior positions to be able to reach my dream. Money: There is no doubt that I would need a large sum of money to study, in my studies at BTI I need nearly 600 BD my husband will pay it for me. To study the Bachelor and masters I need nearly 8000 BD. If I could not save enough money to study, I will apply for an educational loan to pay it for my studies and I will repay it from what I get it in my work. Attitude: I don’t have a good communication skills and dealing with others, and I was very shy and not confident in myself a lot, but in my work I improve my communication skills and l learned how to deal with others and my confidence has increased a lot .. After this long and difficult journey in realizing my dream, I hope to see myself as the Executive Director of one of the famous company in the world. Resources: Ahlia University http://www.ahlia.edu.bh/ahliaweb/ BTI – Bahrain Training Institute http://www.bti.com.bh/

The Harmful Effects Of E Cigarettes - 1080 Words

An electronic cigarette (E-cigarette) is an electronic device which can provide the same feeling of smoking to users. E-cigarettes are designed to help smokers to quit smoking, therefore, some people think that an e-cigarette is a nice substitute for cigarettes, and it can help the smoker to cease smoking. Rahman, Hann, Wilson and Carter discover that, for those people who do not want to stop smoking or cannot quit smoking entirely, e-cigarettes would be an aid for them (8). However, some people think that the disadvantage of e-cigarettes overwhelms its advantages. In Parrot’s article, he claims e-cigarettes may bring negative effects to the user’s body and consciousness; e-cigarettes cannot efficiently perform their original function—help smokers quit smoking (1). In Offermann’s study, he found that e-cigarettes release some chemicals which would harm the human body, and it should be limited the same as cigarettes (44). Moreover, Cataldo, Petersen, Hunter , Wang and Sheon claim that e-cigarettes cannot fulfill their original effect, reduce the number of smokers, but these devices are bringing a huge profit to tobacco companies. Also, E-cigarettes may lead to an worse scenario to society—renormalization of smoking. (362) E-cigarettes should be controlled in order to avoid more people misusing them, and let the people know the disadvantages of e-cigarettes. E-cigarettes are successfully aiding smokers to cease smoking and reducing the consumption of cigarettes. Rahman et al.Show MoreRelatedE Cigarettes, The Next Big Thing1612 Words   |  7 PagesE-Cigarettes, the Next Big Thing The Los Angeles Times states: â€Å"Electronic Cigarettes are either a potent weapon in war against tobacco, or they are insidious menace that threatens to get kids hooked on nicotine and make smoking socially acceptable again† (Morin). E-cigarettes are now becoming more widespread, especially among young people. 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L., Richardson, A., Niaura, R. S., Vallone, D. M., Abrams, D. B. (2012). E-Cigarette Awareness, Use, and Harm Perceptions in US Adults. American Journal Of Public Health, 102(9), 1758-1766 9p. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300526 PhDs Pearson, J. L., Richardson, A., Niaura, R. S., Vallone, D. M., and Abrams, D. B wrote a journalRead MorePolicy Position For Electronic Cigarettes Essay1453 Words   |  6 PagesPolicy Position for Electronic Cigarettes in Public Area Electronic cigarettes, which are commonly known as e-cigarettes, can be described as battery-powered devices that are packed with liquid nicotine. The liquid nicotine is a highly addictive chemical which is dissolved in a combination of propylene glycol and water. 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These studies have shown that exposure to PM2.5 from ambient air pollution and/or tobacco smoking is linked to a number of cardiovascular conditions including hypertension126, coronary artery disease127, myocardial infarction128, 129, atherosclerosis126, and arrhythmia130. To this end, short term exposureRead MoreShould Electronic Cigarettes Be Regulated?1090 Words   |  5 Pagesin one’s favor, or one’s choices may work in contrariety of one’s goals altogether. Electronic cigarettes, also called e-cigarettes or e-cigs, are an alternative choice to smoking actual cigarettes. Whether e-cigarettes should be regulated is a controversial topic among the people of the world today. A few people withhold the beliefs that electronic cigarettes should not be regulated as regular cigarettes are. It is possible that they believe that the regulation will lead to the prohibition or cease

Racial Awareness And Racism And Stereotypes - 1529 Words

Educators typically want students to become citizens who can successfully interact with a diverse world. But, how can we educate students in a way that can inspire them to accept and understand a range of people and cultures as well as counter racism and stereotypes? It all begins with the educators themselves having an open mind about different races, as they should act as models to the students. I believe that if teachers educate and enlighten their students about race and cultures, it would lower the chances of racism. Racial awareness is key in the early years of education as it allows students to develop more knowledge, therefore preventing racism and stereotypes. Instructors can model racial awareness to their students by†¦show more content†¦They focused on the racialized responses of both White teachers and teachers of color to anti-bias or anti-racist in service teacher trainings in both districts. Researchers had asked the teachers the following questions â€Å"(1 ) what messages about the nature of race and racism did teachers take from the trainings, (2) what structural limitations do these messages reflect, and (3) how does Harris’ (1993) concept of Whiteness as property illuminate the relationship between the individuals and the structure, between equality and equity?† (Vaught, 2008, p. 95). After the different questions were asked, researchers found that â€Å"data indicated that the messages teachers took and also created from the trainings were grouped under three interconnected themes: White privilege, individualism, and cultural awareness.† (Vaught, 2008, p.95). The racial attitudes expressed by teachers in this study were illustrative of larger structural racism that both informs and is reinforced by these attitudes in their practice. 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Persuasive Essay The Golden Door - 775 Words

The â€Å"Golden Door† In the late 1800s, millions of immigrants arrived in the United States for various reasons. Some sought for religious freedom, others looked for job opportunities to support their families. They came with great hopes, hoping that they would eventually become wealthy and their future generations didn’t have to suffer like them. However, when they arrived in the country, they often faced many hardships such as language problems and poverty. They were also prejudiced by the nativists. According to them, immigrants would take their jobs away and harm the society. As a result, it led to national wide debates about whether the U.S. â€Å"golden door† should remain open or limit future immigration. In fact, various evidence pointed†¦show more content†¦It also allowed people to interact with other cultures, traditions. On the other hand, some people would argue that the U.S should limit immigration because the immigrants were taking jobs away from the Americans. This point of view made sense because there were millions of immigrants coming to the United State, competing for jobs. Most of them were willing to work with low pays, lower than the desired salaries of the native-born Americans. And this was what the business owners wanted. Since then, factories started to hire more and more immigrants. It led to the complaints of the nativists, fearing that they would harm the society. However, these immigrants were only trying their best to achieve the American Dreams, through their blood, sweat, and tears. An example was from William I. Thomas and Florian Znaniecki’s book â€Å"The Polish Peasant in Europe and America, volume 1.† According to it, August Gar wrote to his parents in Poland, â€Å" I worked today but I do not know if I will live through tomorrow... 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The theme is the general doctrine or belief implicit in the drama, which the author seeks to make persuasive to the reader (Abrams 170).    In â€Å"Sophocles’ Moral Themes† Robert D. Murray Jr. cites a critic who is strictly moralist in the interpretation of the theme of Oedipus Rex:    Let C. M. Bowra speak for the moralists:    The central idea ofRead MoreInstructive Text Types11631 Words   |  47 Pagesclassification helps to establish specific correlations between purpose and extra-linguistic context. The third chapter represent the directive instructive text type; here we have legal texts, statutory instructions, practical instructions, persuasive texts, and the last one being classified in commercial advertisements, political texts, religious and ethical appeal. 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Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesPHILADELPHIA Temple University Press 1601 North Broad Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122 www.temple.edu/tempress Copyright  © 2010 by Temple University All rights reserved Published 2010 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Essays on twentieth century history / edited by Michael Peter Adas for the American Historical Association. p. cm.—(Critical perspectives on the past) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-4399-0269-1 (cloth : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-1-4399-0270-7Read MorePropaganda by Edward L Bernays34079 Words   |  137 Pagesreached by the printed word, and the methods of appeal. 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Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCommunication 341 †¢ Nonverbal Communication 341 Organizational Communication 342 Formal Small-Group Networks 343 †¢ The Grapevine 343 †¢ Electronic Communications 345 †¢ Managing Information 349 Choice of Communication Channel 350 xiv CONTENTS Persuasive Communications 351 Automatic and Controlled Processing 351 †¢ Interest Level 352 †¢ Prior Knowledge 352 †¢ Personality 352 †¢ Message Characteristics 352 Barriers to Effective Communication 353 Filtering 353 †¢ Selective Perception 353 †¢ InformationRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagespumps due to an OPEC-led fuel crisis, economists predicted that oil would sell for $100 a barrel in the United States by 1980. Most notorious of all, of course, was the prediction by the United States patent office in 1896 that it would soon close its doors since â€Å"everything that can be invented has been invented.† Warren Bennis, a colleague of ours, half-jokingly predicted that the factory of the future would have only two employees, a person and a dog. The person would be there to feed the dog. The

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Question: Discuss about the Communication Evolution Trump Tech. Answer: Literature Review The elections this time in United States unlike the previous elections, as the candidates directly represented the status quo of the two parties they belonged form, Democrat and Republicans. The election was more about the personality and approach of the two candidates, rather than their party ideology (Lilleker et al. 2016). Donald Trump took a very ingenious approach in presenting himself as an outsider in politics and someone who was a perfect representative of the American dream. He is an established business personality, and property honcho, however he had no substantial experience in the field of politics (Williams 2017). Trump had from the very beginning shaped his personality to the voters as a person who is strictly right wing and he included a no compromise policy against the immigrants (Norpoth 2016). A lot of political experts dubbed his approach as being pro white and viewing the Asian and African people as outsiders. This made a lot of people doubt the victory of Trump into office as a substantial amount of votes come from the Asians and Afro Americans. However, the media campaign that Trump took was different and unconventional (Davis 2016). Trump focused on unlikely voters who rarely has been participants of the primaries, which elects the Presidential nominates, and Trump successfully managed to win the primaries. The low propensity voters strategy worked out well (Montanaro 2016). The data analysts and the campaign designers launched one of the most unusual campaigns that had been ever been conducted. A data operation to predict the campaign outcomes had been designed inside the Trump towers known as the Trump Tech. There were contracts set up with Nation builder a platform that has been designed digitally to establish contact with the volunteers, workers and supporters. There have been various controversies during the political campaign that was taken up by Donald Trump, one of which was Gender issues. According to Wang et al. (2016) both Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump used woman card in their political campaign to win the votes of the women. However, some comments made by Donald Trump helped the media against him to portray him as anti-women. Apart from that the media took up the case of Russian hand in US election to establish that Trump has been getting outside support in the elections, and his election as a President can hamper national security (Lichtblau and Myers 2016). As reported by BBC US intelligence agencies have concluded Moscow tried to sway the presidential election in favor of Mr. Trump. It is alleged that Russian hackers stole information linked to the campaign of his rival Hillary Clinton and passed it to WikiLeaks so it could be released to undermine her. Congressional committees were set up to investigate the matter and, in Mar ch, then-FBI director James Comey confirmed the bureau had its own inquiry. However, the clever election campaign adopted by the Trump camp was effective enough to remove the obstacles and hurdles posed by the media and successfully win the elections. In terms of the media of United States, it was initially seen that most of the big media houses were against the Trump campaign. Huffington Post, The New York Times and CNN were some of the news agencies that continuously reported against Donald Trump, to which Trump decided to give direct rebuttals (Azari 2016). The media got divided into pro Trump and anti-Trump Camps (Pickard 2017). Trump even popularized the term Fake News to contradict the US media campaign against him. The word was popularized soon enough and got enlisted as the word of the year (Hirst 2017). Trump has been closely followed by the media and his tweets and Facebook posts during the election campaign has been given a detailed coverage. There was a typing error that was posted from Donald Trumps twitter account which was later included in many online dictionaries. This more than required coverage on Trump actually helped him in the process. Trump did not appear to be a figure who would compromise on his stance. He portrayed himself as someone who is fixed on his plans to build a wall to keep ways illegal immigrants from Mexico and to deport the existing illegal immigrants from the country (Lakoff 2016). America had recently seen some violent terrorist attacks and many crimes committed by illegal immigrants had affected the citizens of the country to a large extent. Trumps political campaign had taken all these factors into consideration and the campaigners wisely penetrated the minds of the people (Francia 2017). Content Analysis The various strategies taken by the political campaigners of Trump had affectively managed to influence the mind of the audience. The media campaign was designed intelligently and in a sequential method. In the required phase the primaries were targeted, and the most unusual voters in this category were influenced to vote in favor of Trump. This had helped in ensuring the candidature of Trump. The media campaigners successfully detected what are the issues which had angered the public in the 8 year long Obama tenure. Unemployment, crime rates, terrorist activities and illegal activities of the immigrants were topping the list. Trump systematically imbibed these into his political campaign and displayed a no compromise policy against all of these issues. This had successfully initiated the process of bringing many disenchanted Obama supporters to his side as well. The data center of Trump was one of the highest tech data centers used in any political election ever by any party. This g ave the campaigners a real time understanding of the moods of people and the political trends of the country. These are some of the ways in which a political campaign was used to influence voting during the 2016 United States Presidential election. References: Azari, J.R., 2016. How the news media helped to nominate Trump.Political Communication,33(4), pp.677-680. Davis, A., 2016. How Trump Won: Why Hillary Clinton Lost and What the Democrats Can Learn from the Shocking 2016 Election.Amazon Digital Services LLC, NY, USA. Francia, P.L., 2017. Free media and Twitter in the 2016 presidential election: The unconventional campaign of Donald Trump.Social Science Computer Review, p.0894439317730302. Hirst, M., 2017. Towards a political economy of fake news.The Political Economy of Communication,5(2). Lakoff, G., 2016. Why Trump?.Huffington Post blog, March,3. Lichtblau, E. and Myers, S.L., 2016. Investigating Donald Trump, FBI Sees No Clear Link to Russia.New York Times. Lilleker, D., Jackson, D., Thorsen, E. and Veneti, A., 2016. US Election Analysis 2016: Media, Voters and the Campaign. Montanaro, D., 2016. 7 Reasons Donald Trump Won the Presidential Election.NPR. org. November,12. Norpoth, H., 2016. Primary model predicts Trump victory.USA TODAY,7, p.16. Pickard, V., 2017. Media failures in the age of Trump.The Political Economy of Communication,4(2). Wang, Y., Feng, Y., Luo, J. and Zhang, X., 2016, December. Pricing the woman card: Gender politics between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump. InBig Data (Big Data), 2016 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 2541-2544). IEEE. Williams, C.B., 2017. Introduction: Social media, political marketing and the 2016 US election.